Toynbee speaks about the changes Western society needs to make in order to stay relevant and resist communism. He believes the West needs to be both (a) more than national-minded and (b) more religious minded. He believes countries should submit its sovereignty to a world power, no matter how terrible, if it can prevent another world war. He relates Islam to communism and how both are rooted in Western civilization and a continuation of institutions gone wrong. He concludes by pondering the rights of the individual vs. society, saying the Western stance is a paradox as the communist view is more noble and selfless.